Adrenal gland is a type of organ of vertebrates that releases hormones. For humans and other mammals, this gland is one pair that stay in close proximity to each kidney. But many vertebrates have many adrenal glands.
In all cases, each adrenal gland has two parts that are closely linked. The two parts are cortex and medulla. However, the work of the two subdivisions, though closely planted, is completely different.
Cortex:
The outer part of the adrenal gland in mammals is called the cortex. Embryologically its origin is from the coelomic line. This section secretes different types of steroid hormones that can be divided into three classes. Although there are many similarities in the function of hormones. The hormones are as follows:
Sex hormones: especially androgens that are present in mammals, both males and females. Glucocorticoids: The hormones in this group include cortisone and hydrocortisone. These hormones stimulate the production of carbohydrates from proteins and fats. There are other effects as well.
Mineralocorticoids: The two hormones in this group are aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone. These two hormones regulate the body's salt and water balance.
Medulla:
The inner part of the adrenal gland is called the medulla. Embryologically, it originates from the neural crest of the nerve. This part releases adrenaline and no-adrenaline hormones. Its activity is controlled by the sympathetic system. Fight or flee in such an emergency, the medullary tissues become effective and secretes hormone. This hormone is not essential for a complete life.
In all cases, each adrenal gland has two parts that are closely linked. The two parts are cortex and medulla. However, the work of the two subdivisions, though closely planted, is completely different.
Cortex:
The outer part of the adrenal gland in mammals is called the cortex. Embryologically its origin is from the coelomic line. This section secretes different types of steroid hormones that can be divided into three classes. Although there are many similarities in the function of hormones. The hormones are as follows:
Sex hormones: especially androgens that are present in mammals, both males and females. Glucocorticoids: The hormones in this group include cortisone and hydrocortisone. These hormones stimulate the production of carbohydrates from proteins and fats. There are other effects as well.
Mineralocorticoids: The two hormones in this group are aldosterone and deoxycorticosterone. These two hormones regulate the body's salt and water balance.
Medulla:
The inner part of the adrenal gland is called the medulla. Embryologically, it originates from the neural crest of the nerve. This part releases adrenaline and no-adrenaline hormones. Its activity is controlled by the sympathetic system. Fight or flee in such an emergency, the medullary tissues become effective and secretes hormone. This hormone is not essential for a complete life.
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